Anti Bacterial Action of Piper Cubeba Extract in UTIs
Abstract
Thirty five E.coli isolates were collected from patient suffering from long term urinary tract catheters and urinary tract infection for both genera with age ranging between (11-60) years. The isolates were identified according to cultural, microbiological, biochemical testes. Detection bacteriocin production by E. coli was showed only (5) isolates of E coli produced bacteriocin. To esteemed effect of P. cubeba fruits extract on bacteriocin production from E. coli exposed to this extract, the results showed did not changing in bacteriocin production but the extract caused changes in the antimicrobial activity between bacteriocin produced before and after treated bacteria with P. cubeba fruits extract. In the case of bacteria cultured without the extract, protein concentration of partially purified bacteriocin (by ammonium sulphat) was (9.21mg/ml) while bacteriocin protein concentration of bacteria grown with the extract was (10.6mg/ml). The statistical analysis of result did not show significant differences and “p value” was 0.177. SDS PAGE reveal that bacteriocin have molecular weight (25KDa) and identified as Colicin.
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Introduction
Virulent bacteria are capable to create molecules that dynamically reduce the immune response of the host, so increased bacterial persistence and tissue damage. The virulence factors encoding genes of uropathogenic E. coli are localized on chromosomal gene clusters called “pathogenicity islands” [1; 2]. Virulence factors have a vital role in determining the invading of organism to the urinary tract and the level of infection. Uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC) infect the urinary tract via expressing specific virulence factors that allow adherence and colonization of the lower urinary tract [3; 4]. Bacteriocin is one of these virulence factors which are Proteinaceous toxins that produced via bacteria and have the ability to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain [5]. Bacteriocins, a member of the narrow-spectrum toxins are described as the “microbial weapon of choice”, due to their abundance and diversity among producing bacteria [6]. They are similar to killing factors of yeast and paramecium but are structurally, functionally, and ecologically different. Applications of bacteriocins are tested to evaluate its application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics [5]. They are classified in different ways, such as producing strain, mechanism of resistance, mechanism of killing. There are large classes of bacteriocin that are only phenomenologically related. These classes are the bacteriocins from gram-positive bacteria, colicins, [7] microcins, and the bacteriocins from Archaea [8]. E. coli produce two kind of bacteriocins, classified in dependent on their molecular weight into colicins (25-80 kDa) and microcins (10 kDa). Colicins and microcins are alike in numerous ways, but microcin synthesis is not lethal to the producing strain additional, and all colicins are encoded by plasmid, while genes encoding to microcin found on the chromosome [7].
Conclusion
Hot aqueous extract of Piper cubeba have activity on antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin of E. coli. Piper cubeba may serve as auxiliary agents that can enhance standard conventional antibacterial therapy in UTIs. Activity of Piper cubeba on bacteria is still not completely known and needed more studies