Burden of Diabetes Mellitus from rural population of Jaipur attended at a secondary health care hospital: A hospital based Cross sectional study
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a public health disease. In India, thirty five million people have diabetes—a number expected to more than double by 2025, disproportionately affecting working-age people. The economic impact of this increase could be devastating to India’s emerging economy. The present hospital based cross sectional study was conducted with the aim to estimate the burden of DM from rural population of Jaipur (Rajasthan) attended at a tertiary care hospital. This study was conducted on patients attending the OPD of CHC, Manoharpur, Jaipur for any illness. Among them, patient showing even slightest evidence towards the presence of DM, were screened from July 2018 to December 2018.Total numbers of 277 individuals of age group of 20 years and above were screened in this study period. Out of these 277 patients screened, 207 (74.73%) were males and 70 (15.27%) were females. Out of these males were 30(10.83%) with confirmed DM and females were 18(6.49%) with confirmed DM. The proportion of DM in age 20-45 age group was 1.80% and in age group of 46-65 years it was 11.91% while in > 65 years it was 3.60%. It can be concluded from study that 17.32% of screened patients were found to have confirmed DM. In India there are very scanty data on the level of prevalence of this disease to plan and execute public health programme. There is need of good public health policies towards preventing and controlling diabetes at national and state levels. Thus the current study recorded alarmingly high prevalence of DM among rural population which should be a cause of concern for health care providers.
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Introduction
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is increasing in epidemic proportion globally. According to W.H.O.1 the prevalence of DM in adults worldwide was estimated to be 4% in 1995 and predicted to rise to 5.4% by the year 2025, such that the number of adults with DM in the world would rise from 135 million in 1995 to 300 million in the year 2025. The major part of this numerical increase will occur in the developing countries. There will be 42 % increase from 51 to 72 million in the developed countries and 70% increase from 84 to 228 million in the developing countries.1 Thus, by the year 2025 more than 75 % of the people with diabetes will reside in developing countries as compared to 62% in 1995. The countries with the largest no. of people with diabetes are and will be in the year 2025, India, China and the United States.1 In 2000, According to WHO, the prevalence of DM among the 11 countries of South-East Asian region was 4.69 million. 2
Conclusion
The present study concluded that proportion of cases with DM were 17.33%. It was found to be associated with age but not with sex. It was found significantly more in age group of 46-65 years. These cases were identified from screening of study subject came hospital for any other illness. This concludes that there is lack of awareness regarding DM in people of rural population. So IEC activities should be carried out in that area. This proportion of subjects with DM may be higher than actual as data were collected from OPD. For actual more community based studies are required.