Implementation of Health Education and Home Visits to Adult Patient’s Hypertension
Abstract
Hypertension is a public health issue and a silent risk for cardiovascular disease. The goal of this study is of health education sessions and home visits to reduce blood pressure in patients and adults with uncontrolled hypertension. The study is a cluster randomized controlled trial was performed. The trial will be conducted on 40 individuals aged 36 to 45 years old with hypertensive (with systolic BP 140 mmHg and diastolic BP 90 mmHg and patients with uncontrolled blood pressure were equally and randomly allocated into 2 groups. We provide health education sessions with the syllabus of the American Heart Association with modification of booklet and a home visits. The period of intervention is 12 weeks. 2 weeks each month. The participants of the control received only usual care. SPSS 22 programs utilize to analyze the findings, using the analysis of covariance.
Results: The level of knowledge hypertension is 80% with Low level pre interventions and post-intervention with knowledge of 80% High level. This shows that statistically there is a significant effect of Health Education interventions through Home Visits on the level of knowledge (p-value 0.000; <0.05). The difference in the level of knowledge after the intervention with the control group was obtained (p-value 0.00; <0.05). Health Education intervention based on Home Visit to Self Efficacy (pvalue 0.000; <0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that health education and home visits were very effective in increasing patient knowledge about hypertension and reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
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Introduction
World Health Organization (WHO) data for 2018 shows that around 1.13 billion people in the world have hypertension, meaning that 1 out of 3 people in the world is diagnosed with hypertension. The number of people with hypertension continues to increase every year, it is estimated that by 2025 there will be 1.5 billion people affected by hypertension, and it is estimated that every year 10.44 million people die from hypertension and its complications.
(1). Community-based health education programs can assist in improving health outcomes in patients with chronic diseases (2). Hypertension is a silent disease of the masses with an increasing prevalence and poor control (3) Empowering nurses to manage hypertension at the community level is feasible with positive good probability results for patients . The worldwide burden of hypertension contributes significant risk of heart failure, coronary artery events, stroke, renal failure, disability, and premature death. Modifiable lifestyle behaviors such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and alcohol abuse are major risk factors contributing to the increased incidence of high blood pressure. A population-based approach to lowering blood pressure levels in the general population even at modest levels has the potential to substantially reduce morbidity and mortality and possibly delay the onset of hypertension (4).
Conclusion
The level of knowledge hypertension is 80% with Low level pre interventions and post-intervention with knowledge of 80% High level. This shows that statistically there is a significant effect of Health Education interventions through Home Visits on the level of knowledge (p-value 0.000; <0.05). The difference in the level of knowledge after the intervention with the control group was obtained (p-value 0.00; <0.05). Health Education intervention based on Home Visit to Self Efficacy (pvalue 0.000; <0.05).