Nutritional status of children (1 to 5 years of age) of Sirsi village of Jaipur district, Rajasthan: A cross sectional study
Abstract
Nutritional status of children of age 1 to 5 years provide an idea of nutrition of entire population. Malnutrition is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in this age group of children. So it is a major public health problem in developing countries like India. That's why this cross sectional study on 170 children was conducted from January to June month of 2018 to find out to access the nutritional status of children of age 1 to 5 years in Sirsi village of Jaipur, Rajasthan through door to door survey. Statistical analysis was carried out by using Microsoft Excel for analyze the data. Majority of children belongs to age group of 2-3 years of age (32.3%) with male predominance (55.3% v/s 44.7%). As per mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) majority of children (93%) were in normal range and 81.2% children were found fully immunized. Although deficient intake of ten nutrients was found in 52-60% study children but among them 87% were having normal level of nutrition status (Mean 2SD). In this study as per weight 22.94% children were undernourished (weight mean minus >2 SD) and 7.06% were in borderline (yellow or danger zone) as per MAUC. Undernourishment (below 2SD) was found significantly more (p < 0.001) in form of birth order difference (35.9%). In milestone developing simple sentence, telling a story, riding a tricycle and knows gender and full name were delayed in most of the children(>60%).
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Introduction
Proper nutrition is a powerful good: people who are well nourished are more likely to be healthy, productive and able to learn. Good nutrition benefits families, their community and the world as a whole.1
Globally, child malnutrition is a public health problem with major consequences for child survival, damaging the cognitive and physical development of children and the economic productivity of individuals and societies.2-3 Malnutrition contributes to50% of all child deaths and 11% of the total global disability-adjusted-life-years worldwide. Geographically, 70–80% of undernourished children worldwide live in lower and middle income countries.4
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015-165 shows that Almost half of the children under five years of age (38.4%) were stunted and 35% were underweight. The proportion of children who were severely undernourished (more than three standard deviation below the median of the reference population) is also notable-24% according to height-for age and 16% according weight-for-age. Wasting is also quite a serious problem in India, affecting 20% of children under five year of age. Very few children under five year of age were overweight.
Conclusion
It can be concluded from this present study that 22.94% children were undernourished and 7.1% were border line as per MAUC. Undernourishment (below 2SD) was found significantly more (p< 0.001) in form of birth order difference (35.9%). In milestone developing simple sentence, telling a story, riding a tricycle and knows gender and full name were delayed in most of the children (>60%).