Prevalence of Modern Contraceptive Methods among Rural Women of Field Practice Area of M.G. Medical College, Jaipur
Abstract
Background: India is the first country in the world who started family planning programme at the national level in 1952. In spite of that India is the second most populated country after China. It is obvious that despite good interventions and concerted efforts, we have failed in controlling our population. The available methods are more than adequate but what is lacking is the will to use them. So, the present study was planned to assess the contraceptive prevalence and factors associated with its use among married women in local rural community of Vatika village, Jaipur.
Material and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 in a rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur. Total 550 married women of reproductive age group were interviewed and analyzed.
Results: In the present study, contraceptive prevalence was 43.27%. Tubectomy was the most common (50.42%) followed by condoms (34.88%). Oral contraceptive pills were the least preferred method of contraception with 3.36% women. Majority of women (85.29%) used it to limit their families while 14.71% used it for the purpose of spacing the birth of the next child.
Conclusion: Although all contraceptive methods are freely available, but still people are not using due to inadequate knowledge and social beliefs. So, there an urgent need for more awareness and educational programmes in the communities especially in rural areas.
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Introduction
World’s population has crossed the seven billion mark and still growing rapidly. India contributes 17.5% of this share.1 As the population grows, the pressure on natural resources will intensify. Population pressure will reduce the per capita availability of land for farming, which will affect availability of food grain, drinking water, health and education of people.2 Every day more than 400,000 births take place around the world. Almost half are deliberate, happy decisions, but half are unintended and many of these are bitterly regretted. More than 300,000 women were asked, how many children they want to have in a series of surveys in over 50 low-income countries and it was observed that in almost every country surveyed, women are bearing more offspring than they intend.3
Contraception is a method which helps the woman to avoid unwanted pregnancy resulting from coitus and it is the best tool for population control. It provides a safe and effective way to regulate fertility and preserve health. There are many methods of contraception. An ideal contraceptive is the one, which is safe, effective, acceptable, inexpensive, reliable, reversible, simple, long lasting, and independent of coitus and requires less medical supervision.
Conclusion
The contraceptive prevalence of modern methods was below the national and state average, there is a need for an effective education campaign among the study population. Lack of motivation and obstacles were the main causes of lower contraceptive prevalence for family planning which can be overcome by awareness and education campaign.