Medical Journal: Volume-11, Issue-6, June 2025

Abstract— This study explored, from a hypothetical and experimental perspective, the potential influence of shoelace color on aerobic performance, perceived exertion, and physiological parameters in recreational marathon runners. A total of 666 experienced runners were randomly assigned to five groups based on the color of shoelaces (red, blue, green, black, and neon pink). Total race time estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂ max), average heart rate, and subjective perception of exertion (RPE) were measured. The results revealed that participants with red shoelaces achieved the best overall performance: shorter race time, higher VO₂ max, lower RPE, and lower heart rate. Specifically, the red group ran on average 8.4% faster than the black group. Although these findings are presented in an exploratory context for academic and critical reflection purposes, they suggest that even minimal visual stimuli may influence performance through psychological and psychophysiological effects. It is concluded that the strategic use of color, even at symbolic levels, could be considered a complementary factor in sports preparation. Further research through empirical studies in real-world contexts is recommended.
Keywords— Aerobic Performance, Perceived Exertion, Color, Sport Psychology, Marathon, VO₂ Max.

Abstract— The present study are conducted on 100 dead bodies of (males and females) aged between20 and 60 years. The correlation coefficient calculated in males for the stature and right foot length (0.779) and left foot length (0.778); and the right foot length (0.653) and left foot length (0.638) in females were significant at 0.01 level. Males had significantly higher mean values for both stature and foot length compared to females. Regression equations were derived from right and left foot length for estimating stature in males and females. Stature (Y) could be calculated from the right foot length (X1) in males with the equation Y= 53.050 + 4.802 X1. For the left foot length (X2) in males, the equation was Y = 53.618 + 4.7762 X2. In females, the equations were Y = 78.538 + 3.597 X1 & Y = 78.724 + 3.601 X2 respectively.
Keywords— Foot Length, Forensic Stature Estimation, Human Identification, Physical Anthropology.